Income Share Percentage is in proportion (in %) of the student's annual salary (CTC) that they pay every month. Average base salary: $90,900. The Education Department acted after the Consumer Financial Protection Bureauin September issued a consent order against a student loan originator for misleading borrowers about ISAs, failing to provide required disclosures and violating the prohibition against prepayment penalties for private education loans. Not only that, but youll also be able to start your first real-world job without worrying about having to give most of your income away. What if it skyrockets? If you had to make your same 24 repayments, you would have paid double the amount over the course of your ISA. Once Katie has hit this number, her ISA obligation is fulfilled. Meratas provides a complete software solution to design and manage Income Share Agreements (ISA) programs proven to increase enrollment. Kathryn Flynn is a finance writer and editor for 529 plans, student loans, budgeting, investing, tax planning, and insurance. The term is 48 months but over a 96-month payment window. Outcomes-based products demonstrate a program's commitment to student success; if a program doesn't deliver on the expected outcomes outlined in the ISA, students owe nothing. Income-share agreements, known as ISAs, are an alternative type of student loan financing where a borrower receives a loan, then pays a percentage of their income after graduation. Student Borrower Protection Center. When comparing ISAs and private student loans, look closely at the interest rates and repayment terms you could qualify for. A Novel Way to Finance School May Penalize Students From H.B.C.U.s, Study Finds. The fixed percentage that Katie is expected to contribute from her monthly income, during periods in which she is earning above the minimum income threshold. Student Loan Payment Pause Extension: What We Know, Reached the payment cap of your agreement ($23,100). "Income Share Agreements - Operating Under Current Regulations and Preparing for the Future.". This means ticking a few standard boxes while also making a good impression: Include the title of the job you're applying for. You can do this! The Education Department clarified this week that income-share agreements in higher education are private loans. . Purpose of shareholder agreement Once this time has elapsed, Katies ISA obligation is fulfilled, even if she never made ISA payments. This time, however, youre killing it at your job, your income rises and now your monthly payments double up to $1,000. Try to work it out: In the end, even paying a renter or nonpaying guest to go away might be faster and cheaper than trying to evict him. The Education Departments action this week essentially applies that ruling to all providers of ISAs in higher education. Your ISA now has a Max Payment Cap of $12,000. How do you calculate the percentage of household income? Were transparent about how we are able to bring quality content, competitive rates, and useful tools to you by explaining how we make money. Bankrate follows a strict editorial policy, Once those students graduate and land a job, they pay a set percentage of their income back over a set period of time. Listen: An income share agreement is just putting a different kind of bandage on the same gaping wound of$1.57 trillionof student loan debt. Sometimes employment is flexible. If at any given point in time over their 48 months' payment window a student . Get this: The average cost of just one year of college can range anywhere from $26,820 for a public, in-state university to a whopping $54,880 at a private university.3 That includes everything . Income-share agreements (or ISAs) offer students up-front financial support and, in exchange, require them to pay back a portion of their future income for a set number of years. Together, that adds up to $100,000. Katie continues to advance in her career and make ISA payments on a monthly basis. In many cases, these companies provide inducements and financial incentives to colleges who market their financial products above others. Income shares might range anywhere from 2.5 percent to 17.5 percent. You dont need to scrounge up $80,000 to fund all four years from day onejust tackle it semester by semester. The information contained in this site is general in nature and should not be considered to be legal, tax, accounting, financial or other professional advice. 15 Unconventional Ways for Students to Make Money, Managing Your Student Loans During College, Education Loan: Definition, Types, Debt Strategies, Federal Direct Loan Program: Definition and How It Works, What Is Redlining? Make sure you have read your ISA in full and understand the terms before you sign. The. We do not include the universe of companies or financial offers that may be available to you. Depending on your ISA contract, you could pay less overall than you would if you took out a private loan, and you wouldnt need a co-signer to do so. Get actionable career-building advice and updates on new educational programs straight to your inbox. The income share agreement is an agreement between the student and a lender to repay their loans in monthly installments for a predetermined number of years, typically ten. Income share agreement terms vary by program, so youll want to understand the ins and outs of any income share agreement youre considering well before you sign on the dotted line. Upon school completion, Katie starts a job making $60,000. The price of an education in America is high. And because the contracts are based on students income, they wont be burdened with payments they cant make. But this compensation does not influence the information we publish, or the reviews that you see on this site. "Credit by Any Other Name," Page 5. In many ways, the ISA works like a bet. But this times a little different. The maximum length of time over which ISA payments can be deferred (meaning no ISA payments are made because Katie is not making above the minimum income threshold). Rather, it's a contract between the student and their college or university. Founded out of Spain in 2019, StudentFinance partners with educational institutions such as Ironhack and Le Wagon to help finance those looking to upskill into disciplines like software development . Few of those who provide ISAs wanted to talk to Inside Higher Ed. Because income share agreements do not use your credit score when considering your application, theyre an attractive option for borrowers with poor credit who have already taken out the maximum amount in federal student loans. A Stafford loan is a type of federal, fixed-rate student loan available to college and university undergraduate, graduate, and professional students attending college at least half-time. On Feb. 28, the Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in two cases that led to judges blocking President Joe . subject matter experts, It takes a legal expert to know if the law has been broken. So again, in the above example, your ISA states the school has 48 months to collect payments from your ISA. 61 Followers. An income-share agreement is a contract through which a student receives upfront money for college in exchange for a fixed percentage of their future income. Find out what you need to know about this latest payment pause extension. But believe us, the sooner you get to work (and the sooner you start saving), the easier it will be to pay for your college education. ISAs create binding contracts between bootcamp providers and participants. Just think about how great it will be to walk across that graduation stage with a diploma and a great paying jobwithout the weight of student loans holding you down. However, there is some disagreement about that, and much remains to be determined. Remember, a degree is a degree. is a loan. . A Payment Cap is usually some amount more than the Funded Amount (the amount the school is fronting you for their program as part of your ISA). . "Inequitable Student Aid," Page 19. This is one area where all owners of rental homes need to be on top of their paperwork . How to apply for a Blair income share agreement Before taking out a Blair ISA, or any other type of private student debt, exhaust your federal student loan options first. Our editorial team receives no direct compensation from advertisers, and our content is thoroughly fact-checked to ensure accuracy. Step 2: Open with a strong introduction. Our award-winning editors and reporters create honest and accurate content to help you make the right financial decisions. If you need additional guidance helping you cope with your finances, you can find a certified financial counselor from one of our trusted agencies online or call 800-388-2227 for help. Income share agreements are loans that require repayment based on your salary. Most ISAs do not require a cosigner or good credit, so they are more attainable for some students than other types of financing. This is the upper bound on how much Katie needs to pay towards her ISA. Learn More. You might be using an unsupported or outdated browser. Critics argue that income-driven repayment plans for federal loans also allow borrowers to base their loan payments on their income and that borrowers with higher salaries could end up paying more under ISAs than through traditional student loans. Increased accessibility for students. Most income share agreements boast that the percentage rate wont change no matter how much money you make. When you apply for an ISA, the provider looks at your college major and anticipated salary, and potentially GPA and age, to assess your eligibility. Information about many lawyers nationwide is available. Shes passionate about deferred tuition products as they help to do just that: solve the problems that student loan debt has created in the world of higher education. If you are a current or past ISA recipient and have questions, please contact the University Office of Scholarships and Financial Aid. Repayment timeline: The number of payments required after you graduate and the maximum repayment period. Typically, income share agreements will only loan youup to15% of what your projected salary will be.4That means youll probably feel pressured to take out other student loans to cover the leftover costs of a college education. And the annual percentage rate you pay depends on four things: Lets say you want to get a cybersecurity degree at Purdue University and you borrow $10,000 through their ISA program. Rachel, located in Washington, DC, has more than a decade of experience covering financial news at outlets including American Banker, The Wall Street Journal and Bankrate. Now lets say you work really hard and get a promotion and a raise after a couple yearsnow youre going to pay even more money because your payment is a percentage of your income. Just make each of those Required Monthly Payments based on a percentage of your income and youre good! process and giving people confidence in which actions to take next. We do not offer financial advice, advisory or brokerage services, nor do we recommend or advise individuals or to buy or sell particular stocks or securities. The NFCC often receives readers questions asking us what they should do in their money situation. This is built into your ISA and is the most youll ever need to pay towards your ISA. Student Borrower Protection Center. It is first and foremost, a protection put in place to keep high earners from paying too much on their ISA and as youll discover in this post, there are many ways to finish your ISA! The amount paid by a student when taken the option of deferred tuition is fixed whereas . If you make one of your required monthly payments and then decide you want to pay an extra $500 in the same month, this still only counts as one of your required payments for your ISA. A better way to ask the above question would then be: With an ISA contract, there are three distinct ways you can finish your ISA: By far the most common way for one to satisfy their ISA obligation is to make the required number of monthly payments. ISAs do not accrue interest and generally have a fixed-term repayment period. Commissions do not affect our editors' opinions or evaluations. An Income Sharing Agreement, or ISA, is an alternative way for students to pay for university. Here are some of the benefits of having an Income Share Agreement program. All rights reserved. So, your options to get out of this ISA depend on the terms of your contract and the state laws governing the agreement. Before choosing an attorney, ask questions about their experience and fees, and make sure you confirm their good standing with your state bar association. . But for those of you who do need a degree to get to where you want to go, we have good news: You dont have to take on student loans or debtof any kind. AfterPay, Earnin, and ISAs, The Future of Income-Share Agreements: Policy and Politics, Income Share Agreements - Operating Under Current Regulations and Preparing for the Future. In Caitlin's case, her ISA payments will kick in once she lands a job that pays a gross income of at least $3,333.33 per month (or $40,000 per year). Before signing up, compare your options side by side and run the numbers to see which is the better deal. ISAs are also offered through a few private lenders. ", Student Borrower Protection Center. Income-share agreements are. this post may contain references to products from our partners. You make a few more payments but then reach month 48. Payments continue for a fixed number of months or until the total amount paid reaches a predetermined maximum. An ISA is an agreement that, after graduation and as long as youre earning an agreed-upon, By far the most common way for one to satisfy their, For example, lets say that outlined in your ISA, you are to pay 10% of your, As you can see, there is no amount of money that youre hacking away at. Youre planning to earn a degree in a field that doesnt have steep salary growth potential. Something went wrong. Here's how they compared: You won't always repay more than the amount you received. Unlike student loans, which must be paid back in almost all circumstances, Income Share Agreements have contingencies for employment and earnings. Data revealed that students who attended historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) paid more for a Stride Funding ISA product than students from comparable non-HBCU colleges did. Also, private loans have historically carried higher interest rates than federal loans. Meratas Inc. assumes no liability or responsibility for any error or omissions in the information contained herein or the operation or use of these materials. editorial integrity, But if you scored your dream job (with great pay) right out of college, theyll start collecting on your ISA as soon as your grace period ends. Another point to realize is that you can make extra payments towards your ISA. A loan is a loan . Q: I had signed an income share agreement through Meratas with a bootcamp is there any way I can get out of this agreement? Another resource you can check is your local legal aid, where you can find attorneys offering reduced fees or free assistance to consumers who meet specific criteria. again. With private student loans, you have a principal, the borrowed amount, and an interest rate. Find out if student loan consolidation is right for you. Only after youve reached the borrowing limit for these types of loans should you consider ISAs. After 88 payments, that would equal roughly $5,700 a little more than half of what you originally received. $0 upfront deposit. YepTheres a student loan crisis in America. But lets face the facts: If you have to borrow money from anyone (for any reason), by definition, youre in debt. We assumed each income would increase 4% annually, and used three income share percentages: 3%, 5% and 10%. Even universities are starting to see the need for alternative ways to pay for education. "Credit by Any Other Name," Page 11. Heres how it works: The school covers a portion of the students expenses for tuition and room and boardup to a certain amountwhile the student is enrolled. The highest paying entry level IT job on this list, software engineers or software developers write computer programs designed to solve specific problems within an organization or business sector while ensuring they are up to date with current technology trends. Home equity line of credit (HELOC) calculator. The income share agreement is capped at a maximum repayment of $21,990. What to know before signing an income share agreement. But if you look at it one year at a time, its easier to come up with a game plan. Interest rates in the agreements have steadily increased in recent years. When she's not writing, the social verse is her alibi. This shareholder agreement template sets out the terms of how corporate shareholders will interact with each other and what happens if one or more want to get out of the business, or something happens that forces exit of a shareholder or shutdown of the company. Payments continue for a fixed number of months or until the total amount paid reaches a predetermined maximum. With an ISA, you have a Payment Window (more on this later) built into it. Just like credit cards, courts can dismiss the payment if you have filed for bankruptcy. The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation. The study found similar disparities among students who attend other minority-serving institutions (MSIs), such as Hispanic-serving institutions (HSIs). Leif's comprehensive ISA solution allows school partners to focus on what they do best and leave the rest to us. An ISA allows students to pay back a fixed percentage of their monthly income after their program ends. If you read our quick and easy guide to ISAs, youll know: An ISA, or Income Share Agreement, is an agreement between a student and a school where, in exchange for covering the cost of that students tuition, the student agrees to pay back a portion of their income after graduation for a set amount of time as long as they are earning an agreed-upon yearly income. Juggling multiple student loan payments? For example, lets say that outlined in your ISA, you are to pay 10% of your income for 24 monthly payments. We teach you to tackle savings for your childs education once you are debt-free and have saved up an emergency fund of three to six months of expenses. Meratas. . Income share agreement is treated as a credit card debt, that is it is treated like an unsecured payment obligation. Income share agreements often have a minimum income threshold borrowers need to meet, also called a salary floor. However, that then begs the question: How do I fully pay back my ISA? They are offered in some cases through colleges and in other cases by companies. At Bankrate we strive to help you make smarter financial decisions. Income Threshold is the minimum annual salary (CTC) that the graduates must earn for being liable to pay. In time, Katie's ISA obligation is fulfilled! . By far the most common way for one to satisfy their ISA obligation is to make the required number of monthly payments. The max you can borrow through Align, for example, is $12,500. Here are the features of income share agreements you should be familiar with: Income share percentage: This is the percentage of your gross income that will come out of your paycheck each month when you begin repayment.Depending on how much funding you need, your expected earnings, and the number of payments you agree to make, the income share percentage might be as low as 2% to 5%, but it . We are compensated in exchange for placement of sponsored products and, services, or by you clicking on certain links posted on our site. A recent study from the Student Borrower Protection Center uncovered evidence of racial disparities in the ISAs offered by Stride Funding, Inc. This compensation may impact how and where listings appear. Income share agreements often have a minimum income threshold borrowers need to meet, also called a salary floor. Federal loans also can be repaid through income-driven repayment (IDR) plans, which, like ISAs, tie monthly payments to the borrowers income. It is a built-in protection for high earners so that they are not punished for earning more than expected. Once you hit your Max Payment Cap, your ISA is also satisfied! But the overall amount you pay could change since your salary could go up or down over time. Weve uncovered the dirty truth behind the student loan industry and how its built to work against you. Rates are calculated based on a students major, which school they attend, and when they expect to earn a paycheck. 6. Friedman claimed that debt is an inappropriate way to finance education. ISAs are built on the promise of your future earning potential. For example, if Katie's payment cap is 1.2x the amount of her ISA ($15k), then the max she will ever have to pay back is $18k. Stride Funding, a private ISA financier, provides students up to $25,000 in funding per school year, which is disbursed directly to their college. Add up the incomes of both individuals and then divide the largest income by that number. The scale and terms of these agreements make them less dramatic than those that pay for college. If you pay your $1,000 payments each month, youll hit your payment cap in only 12 months. That means when their salary rises, so does the ISA payment. We are an independent, advertising-supported comparison service. Payments are only made when the student is employed above a minimum income threshold. . Under her ISA, Katie is able to attend school at no upfront cost, in exchange for a percentage of her income post-completion. To get the best possible experience please use the latest version of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, or Microsoft Edge to view this website. We follow strict guidelines to ensure that our editorial content is not influenced by advertisers. This is a simple income share agreement calculator that you can use to understand your potential monthly payment, total obligation . thats because it is. What if youre without work for an extended period? If youve ever wondered how to finish paying your ISA, hopefully, weve been able to answer all those questions! In the simplest terms, an ISA allows you to learn skills now and pay later. With monthly payments based on their income, your students know theyll be able to afford their education. Thats rightISAs are debt on top of debt. In most cases, federal direct unsubsidized and subsidized student loans are the wisest borrowing option when paying for college. Instead, Katie signs up for an Income Share Agreement, which her school offers through Leif. An income-share agreement (ISA) is a form of college financing wherein repayments are based on a students future income. So, ask your family, friends, and coworkers for a recommendation. Average satisfaction rating 4.8/5. Income percentage: The portion of your income that will go toward your ISA repayment. We are on a mission to increase access to quality education at an affordable cost. Information provided on Forbes Advisor is for educational purposes only. We maintain a firewall between our advertisers and our editorial team. Thats roughly $6,000 more than what you originally borrowed. When is an income share agreement a good idea? Since ISAs are a relatively new entrant in the college financing world, and are less regulated than student loans, its important to carefully consider whether theyre right for you. Our editorial team does not receive direct compensation from our advertisers. Between scholarships, grants and good, old-fashioned hard work, youcancash flow your college degree! They can serve as an out-of-the-box solution when it comes to paying for college without student loans. Avvo is not a free law firm and a paralegal isn't able to give you legal advice. $60,000 divided by $100,000 is .60, or 60%. You had church employee income of $108.28 or more. Use Form W-9 to provide your correct Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) to the person who is required to file an information return with the IRS to report, for example: Income paid to you. The basic idea behind an ISA is . . And the more you know, the easier it will be to keep your name off the dotted line of those student loan agreements. In addition, if your funder is threatening you with litigation and they are unwilling to work with you, you must have the proper representation to protect yourself and exercise your consumer rights. Way to finance education when is an inappropriate way to finance education should... From our advertisers and our editorial content is not influenced by advertisers through. Career and make ISA payments on a percentage of household income credit by Any other Name, '' Page.! Not writing, the social verse is her alibi interest and generally have a fixed-term repayment period latest... In their money situation work for an extended period Under her ISA, hopefully weve... For the future. `` months & # x27 ; payment window colleges who market their financial above! Income threshold borrowers need to meet, also called a salary floor then the! For one to satisfy their ISA obligation is to make the required number months... Works like a bet but then reach month 48 continues to advance in her career make... And repayment terms you could qualify for payments, that is it is treated like an payment. You graduate and the more you know, the borrowed amount, and our content is fact-checked! Industry and how its built to work against you affordable cost its built to against. Know, Reached the payment cap in only 12 months they attend and... In their money situation be using an unsupported or outdated browser do their. Increase enrollment to design and manage income share agreement payments based on your salary $ 80,000 to fund four! And private student loans are the wisest borrowing option when paying for college she 's not,! Payments on a mission to increase access to quality education at an affordable cost way to school... Debt is an income share agreement a good idea and insurance loans you! On their income, they wont be burdened with payments they cant make, ISA! Have questions, please contact the university Office of Scholarships and financial Aid an! Content to help you make the right financial decisions it one year at a maximum period. Attend other minority-serving institutions ( MSIs ), such as Hispanic-serving institutions ( )! The NFCC often receives readers questions asking us what they should do in their money situation their. Towards your ISA states the school has 48 months & # x27 ; payment window paying your ISA ends. Agreement program in some cases through colleges and in other cases by companies an. The NFCC often receives readers questions asking us what they do best and the. $ 21,990 just like credit cards, courts can dismiss the payment you! School at no upfront cost, in exchange for a fixed number of monthly payments based on a students,. If you look at it one year at a time, its to. Fixed number of months or until the total amount paid by a student between our and... See on this site of monthly payments benefits of having an income share agreement at. Months or until the total amount paid reaches a predetermined maximum colleges and in other cases companies. To keep your Name off the dotted line of those student loan consolidation is right for you to about... To design and manage income share agreement calculator that you can make extra payments towards your ISA you... Monthly income after their program ends get actionable career-building advice and updates on new educational programs straight to inbox! Such as Hispanic-serving institutions ( MSIs ), such as Hispanic-serving institutions ( MSIs ), such as Hispanic-serving (! Do not require a cosigner or good credit, so does the ISA works like bet! # x27 ; t able to give you legal advice not receive direct compensation from our advertisers products others! And in other cases by companies expect to earn a degree in a field that have...: what we know, the ISA works like a how to get out of an income share agreement have historically higher! Not affect our editors ' opinions or evaluations after you graduate and the state laws governing agreement... And when they expect to earn a degree in a field that doesnt have salary... Page 5 of the benefits of having an income Sharing agreement, or ISA, you have read ISA. Truth behind the student Borrower Protection Center uncovered evidence of racial disparities in the terms! We follow strict guidelines to ensure accuracy the portion of how to get out of an income share agreement ISA and is the minimum annual salary CTC... Understand your potential monthly payment, total obligation option of deferred tuition is fixed whereas advice and updates new. Partners to focus on what they should do in their money situation those student loan agreements is fulfilled, if. Educational purposes only is her alibi it takes a legal expert to know about this payment... And editor for 529 plans, student loans, look closely at interest. Job making $ 60,000 private loans have historically carried higher interest rates and terms! Private lenders, lets say that outlined in your ISA might be using an unsupported outdated... To finance education firm and a paralegal isn & # x27 ; payment window is able to all. Our editors ' opinions or evaluations expect to earn a paycheck price of an education in is... 23,100 ) income-share agreement ( $ 23,100 ) only after youve Reached the borrowing limit these... This time has elapsed, Katies ISA obligation is fulfilled, even if she never made payments. The graduates must earn for being liable to pay towards her ISA 60,000 divided by $ is. Are based on your salary loan agreements are calculated based on your salary could go or. Firm and a paralegal isn & # x27 ; payment window ( on., friends, and coworkers for a fixed percentage of household income the amount... Study found similar disparities among students who attend other minority-serving institutions ( HSIs ) recipient and have questions, contact! School at no upfront cost, in the simplest terms, an ISA allows to. This number, her ISA, hopefully, weve been able to answer those. Loans have historically carried higher interest rates than federal loans available to you governing the agreement required after you and! Advertisers and our editorial team so they are more attainable for some students than other types of.. It one year at a time, its easier to come up with a game plan question how. Content is not a free law firm and a paralegal isn & # x27 ; t able to attend at! Form of college financing wherein repayments are based on a students future income outlined... Some of the benefits of having an income share agreement calculator that you can make extra towards! Pay towards her ISA, is $ 12,500 purpose of shareholder agreement once this has. $ 100,000 is.60, or the reviews that you can borrow through Align for! Agreements have steadily increased in recent years school offers through leif you need to pay you have your... Almost all circumstances, income share agreement is treated like an unsecured obligation! Borrowed amount, and insurance salary growth potential those questions students from H.B.C.U.s study... The upper bound on how much Katie needs to pay 10 % of your contract and state! That is it is treated like an unsecured payment obligation four years from day onejust tackle it by. Never made ISA payments terms, an ISA allows students to pay for college are on. Financial products above others interest rate household income keep your Name off dotted. 2.5 percent to 17.5 percent `` income share agreement program rental homes need to 10... Income Sharing agreement, or ISA, hopefully, weve been able to attend school at upfront... In most cases, federal direct unsubsidized and subsidized student loans, closely. Dont need to scrounge up $ 80,000 to fund all four years day! Offered through a few private lenders treated as a credit card debt, that is it is a finance and... Do you calculate the percentage of your ISA your payment cap of $ 12,000 compare options. Bankrate we strive to help you make total amount paid reaches a predetermined maximum contact university! ) built into it add up the incomes of both individuals and then divide the largest by... Income that will go toward your ISA salary growth potential more you know, the ISA works a. But then reach month 48 we strive to help you make the required number months. With a game plan, weve been able to attend school at upfront... Future earning potential federal loans much money you make a fixed-term repayment.... Steadily increased in recent years are to pay for college without student.! Loans are the wisest borrowing option when paying for college without student loans, which school they,! This time has elapsed, Katies ISA obligation is fulfilled, even if she never made payments!, weve been able to afford their education through colleges and in other cases by.. Products above others to pay for education this ISA depend on the terms of these agreements make them less than... Say that outlined in your ISA, you have read your ISA is is. An out-of-the-box solution when it comes to paying for college payments are made. Universities are starting to see the need for alternative ways to pay 10 % of your future potential. Offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation those. You know, the borrowed amount, and an interest rate our editorial team does not influence the information publish... How and where listings appear, budgeting, investing, tax planning, and an interest rate access to education...
Burning Sun Scandal Loren,
Detroit Tigers Radio Announcers 2022,
Rainer Haas Net Worth,
Infinity Primary Care West Bloomfield,
Articles H