Yates now has an 8-year-old son with his second wife, who filed for divorce last year. The money goes to the Yates Children Memorial Fund, which was founded by Parnham and his wife Mary and dedicated to women's mental health, particularly postpartum mental health. Shortly after, John Hill was gunned down in the doorway of his River Oaks mansion. Investigation Discovery examines the case of Andrea Yates, a suburban housewife, who, in 2001, drowned her five children in the bathtub of their family home in Andrea Yates: The Crimes That Changed Us. According to the official synopsis on the channel website, Andrea Yates appears to have the perfect family. Owmby said he and his team were blindsided by the testimony but did not expect it to have such a great impact. The hospital had no other choice due to the ten-day psychiatric hospitalization insurance constraints of their provider, Blue Cross Blue Shield, subcontracted by Magellan Health Services. It was broadcast live and even landed on the cover of PEOPLE. I ts been 15 years since Andrea Yates drowned her five young children in the bathtub of their suburban Houston home in a quintuple murder that gripped the On the morning of the murders, after her husband left the house to go to work, Andrea Yates fed her children breakfast and drowned them one by one as their siblings ate. When he was gone, she began to drown her children one by one. Although the prosecution had sought the death penalty, the jury refused that option. She also drowned her baby Mary, who was 6 months old. Photo Courtesy of Yates Family / Getty Images Andrea Yates, the 36-year-old mother who killed her five children in 2001 and was found not guilty by reason of insanity, has once again waived her annual right to a hearing that would determine if she eligible to leave a mental health facility. A doctor warned the couple about having more children, in light of Andrea's illness. That is when Henley grabbed Corll's pistol and fired, killing Corll. This weeks proposal would limit any convention to considering amendments to address fiscal restraints and power limitations upon Washington and term limits. But during that time, she also graduated high school as class valedictorian, captain of the swim team, and an officer in the National Honor Society. They soon moved in together and were married on April 17, 1993. ", Documentary series from Court TV (now TruTV), This page was last edited on 6 February 2023, at 02:38. In 2001, Houston mother Andrea Yates drowned her five children ranging in age from 7 years to 6 months in the bathtub of her family's home. [20] On July 26, 2006, after three days of deliberations, Yates was found not guilty by reason of insanity, as defined by the state of Texas. Rusty Yates Still Calls His Ex-Wife Who Drowned Their Five Children, Millionaire and Longtime Fugitive Peter Chadwick Pleads Guilty to Strangling, Drowning Wife in 2012, Author Grace Cho Shares Her Mother's Story of Developing Schizophrenia at 45: 'I Was Terrified', Former Boxer Mia St. John on Sobriety and New Purpose After Son's Suicide: He's 'Cheering Me On', Andrea Yates' Ex-Husband Says He Doesn't 'Blame Her' for Drowning Their 5 Children. Noah came in and asked what was wrong with Mary. On June 20, 2001, Andrea Yates drowned And they brought her out, and she looked like a zombie. 2023 FOX News Network, LLC. They ranged in age between 6 months to 7 years old. [17] Author Suzanne O'Malley, who was covering the trial for O: The Oprah Magazine, The New York Times Magazine,[18] and NBC News, had previously been a writer for Law & Order and immediately reported that no such episode existed. Read More: Where Is Russell Rusty Yates Now? The prosecution pushed for the death penalty and primarily focused on the victims: Noah, 7; John, 5; Paul, 3; Luke, 2; and Mary, 6 months. [35][6], Rusty and his relatives claimed a combination of antidepressants improperly prescribed by Dr. Saeed in the days before the tragedy were responsible for Yates' psychotic behavior. "Will Justice Be Served on Andrea Yates? 2023 FOX News Network, LLC. Then, she completed her medical studies and started working as a registered nurse at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. However, her fascination with extreme religious ideas and hidden postpartum psychosis leads her to believe Satan is sending messages to drown all of her children. You can handle more children." Copyright 2023 Click2Houston.com is managed by Graham Digital and published by Graham Media Group, a division of Graham Holdings. [23] Although the original jury believed she was legally aware of her actions, they disagreed that her motive was spousal revenge. But despite the fact that Yates confessed to the killings, the complex case had several twists and turns. I'm not. Since January 2007, Yates has been at Kerrville State Hospital, a mental facility in Kerrville, Texas. Think about a field of deer, and theres one limping around, and thats kind of the way I see it. He had fantasies of having more children with her after she was successfully treated in a mental health facility and released on the proper medication. 7634 Huntington Drive Unit 7634, Boardman, OH 44512 is a condo listed closed at $120,000. The next day, Thomas stashed the childrens bodies in a trash can behind the house and went to her place of employment to get her paycheck early. There was a new trial in 2006 with a very different outcome. Rusty contended that as a psychiatrist, Dr. Saeed was responsible for recognizing and properly treating Yates' psychosis, not a medically untrained person like himself. The 2147 sq.ft. All Rights Reserved. In 1993, four years after their initial meeting, Andrea married Russell Rusty Yates, following which she stopped working. Audra stayed in room 501 of the Galvez, but when her fianc set sail, she would climb up to one of the turrets of the hotel each day and wait for his ship to get back. He said it was an emotional scene. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. She maintained hope and continued to climb to the turret to wait, but eventually despair got the best of her, and she hanged herself. [38][42][43] Rusty said that his family's relationship with Woroniecki was not that close and that Woroniecki did not cause her delusions. Iris Siff was the managing director of the Alley Theater in 1982. He worked his way through various fixes for their damaged lives, such as a surrogate motherhood and adoption (horrifying her family, attorneys, and Houston psychiatrists), before giving in to reality.[6]. All Rights Reserved. We pride ourselves with our proven youth development programs for young elite players. 1 most stressful city for U.S. workers, Former KHOU anchor turns layoff into lucrative real estate career, The only Houston rodeo food guide you'll need, Houston is in for dust and gray skies as Texas haboob arrives, Turner: State takeover of Houston ISD could happen next week, Bun B on bringing Southern rap stars to Houston's Rodeo, Astros GM provides update on Yordan Alvarez's hand injury, Houston leaders delay vote on Hobby Airport concesssions contract, Watch: Houston Astros' Luis Garcia debuts new windup, Houston pitmaster goes viral after hilarious on-air interview with reporter, 'Call me a Nazi': Former Houston-area pastor calls for state book ban. [8], Following the birth of her fourth child, Luke, Yates' depression resurfaced. Nineteen states have passed convention resolutions so far, according to the Convention of States group that lobbies for the idea. A 2002 jury convicted her of capital murder, but sentenced her to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 40 years. [50] Arnold filed for divorce in 2015.[51]. Mutual Fund and ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper. [27][6] Yates' first psychiatrist, Dr. Starbranch, says she was shocked to disbelief when, during an office visit with the couple, they expressed a desire to discontinue her medications so she could become pregnant again. On June 20, 2001, Andrea Yates drowned her five small children one by one in the bathtub of her Clear Lake home. John, Paul, and Luke were the three she started with before laying them in her own bed. Andrea C. Roberts died on Oct. 26, 2018 at her home in Irrigon at the age of 46. Andrea Pia Yates (ne Kennedy; born July 2, 1964) is an American woman from Houston, Texas, who confessed to drowning her five children in their bathtub on June 20, 2001. Andrea Yates: Story Untold. But the defense contended that Yates' depression and psychosis caused her to kill her kids, and argued that she needed intensive mental health treatment rather than incarceration. Sheborah Latrice Thomas pleaded guilty on Monday to drowning her two kids, Kayiana and Araylon Thomas, in 2016. The prosecution further implied spousal revenge as motive for the killings, despite the conclusion of defense experts that there was no evidence to support such a motive. Report: Houston is the No. Mother Accused of Decapitating 6-Year-Old Son Found Mentally Unfit to Stand Trial, Andrea Yates, in a Mental Facility, Watches Videos of Her Children 15 Years After She Drowned Them, Andrea Yates' Life in Prison After Drowning Her 5 Children: She 'Misses Them Every Day', Jurors Heard Anthony Todt's Prior Confession to Killing Family Then He Testified that His Wife Did It, Andrea Yates Now: Hospitalized Mom Still 'Grieves for Her Children' 15 Years After Drowning Them, Ill. Woman Who Killed 2 Baby Daughters 3 Years Apart, Saying She Had Postpartum Psychosis, Gets Parole, Lori Vallow Is Mentally Fit to Stand Trial for Allegedly Killing Her 2 Children, Judge Says, Kyleigh Leddy Paints Vivid Portrait of Sister's Schizophrenia: 'She Became Another Person', Stars Who've Opened Up About Their Struggles with Postpartum Depression, Dad Helps Women with Postpartum Depression After His Wife's Death by Suicide: 'It's My Therapy', Where Is Andrea Yates' Husband Now? The trial court sentenced Yates to life imprisonment in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice with eligibility for parole in forty years.[16]. I look at Andrea, and I think that Andrea was weak, he had told TIME. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed. The house has three bedrooms and two bathrooms. On June 20, 2001, Andrea drowned her five children while being left alone with them at the house. Details of her treatment have not been released. Former U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum, R-Penn., center,, speaks at a Legislative Building RALEIGH, N.C. Getting North Carolina legislators to formally call for a convention to consider creating amendments to the U.S. Constitution is the way forward to rein in an ever-expanding federal government, former U.S. Sen. Rick Santorum said Wednesday. Sections. Man shot into ex's home twice before being tased during arrest: HPD, Even trees aren't safe from thieves in Houston, video shows, Neighbor exposes himself to child from his backyard, records show. WebAndrea Yates Psychosis 332 Words | 2 Pages. She warned and counseled them against having more children, and noted in the medical record two days later: "Apparently patient and husband plan to have as many babies as nature will allow! Yates also told a Harris County psychiatrist she wanted to save them from Satan. condo is a 2 bed, 2.0 bath unit. She is a published poet and has background in creative writing and journalism. Some opponents argue that a convention would lead to a free-for-all of amendments that could lead to extreme changes to the U.S. system of government. Once Kayiana was dead, she placed her body on a bed, Ogg said. Prayer, revival and Jesus Revolution: Is our rotting culture on the verge of something big? This will surely guarantee future psychotic depression. The killer was identified as Clifford Phillips, a security guard who had been fired in the days prior to Siffs killing. Apparently, Andrea believed that she was a Satanic person and that if she didnt do something, her evil, and an eternal hell, would pass on to her children. There was a lot of emotion there. Andrea Yates, the 36-year-old mother who killed her five children in 2001 and was found not guilty by reason of insanity, has once again waived her annual right to a "This plea agreement means that family members will not have to testify, and this woman cannot appeal her conviction or the sentence. Despite losing all of his children, he stood by her. Henley was convicted of six murders and is serving six 99-year sentences. Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes. Daniela has covered events like Hurricane Harvey and the Astros World Series win. However, Mary was born in November 2000. "He was face down and kind of bobbing in the water, and that's when I realized she drowned them," said Delbosque. 12 pick, Tips for bringing your dog or cat on a flight. [48] The divorce was granted on March 17, 2005, after which Rusty began dating his second wife, Laura Arnold. [9], Yates's first psychiatrist, Dr. Eileen Starbranch, testified that she urged her and Rusty not to have any more children, as it would "guarantee future psychotic depression." Yet, the most bizarre thing is, when Andrea went to court in 2002 for murdering all five of their kids, Rusty, believing that she would be found not guilty, was fantasizing about having more children with her. Where Is Russell Rusty Yates Now? [11], Yates seemed to be coping well until the death of her father on March 12, 2001. Where she needs to be," Parnham told ABC News last year. Find 29 photos of the 6904 The verdict was overturned on appeal, in light of false testimony by one of the supposed expert psychiatric witnesses. Yates' condition improved immediately, and she was prescribed it upon her release. A KPRC 2 reporter caught Henley's confession on microphone. More than two decades after she confessed to drowning her five young children at her Houston homes bathtub, Andrea Yates has refused to face a hearing to determine if she can be released from a mental health facility.. Yates, now 57, is granted a review annually to leave the Kerrville state hospital in Texas where she has lived for more Former paramedic John Delbosque also talks about why he will never forget that dark day, and Joe Owmby, lead prosecutor in both of Yates' trials, discusses the testimony that led to her murder conviction being overturned. We went to a doctor on June 18. His mother told police how she chased him and drowned him facedown in 9 inches of cold water in the tub as his baby sisters body floated next to him, TIME reported. She had filled a bathtub with water as soon as her husband, Russel, left the house. "[42], While in prison, Yates stated that she had considered killing the children for two years, adding that they thought she was not a good mother and claiming that her sons were developing improperly. Neighbors said the house has been painted and remodeled since the tragedy two years ago. Andrea had drowned all her kids in a bathtub. In 2001, Houston mother Andrea Yates drowned her five children ranging in age from 7 years to 6 months in the bathtub of her family's home. However, Rusty began leaving her alone with the children in the weeks leading up to the drownings for short periods of time, apparently believing it would improve her independence, despite her doctors' instructions. All Rights Reserved Design & Developed By:: RINJAcom, For enquary We can help:: +233 (0) 24-611-9999. "If I'd known she was psychotic, we'd never have even considered having more kids," he told the Dallas Observer. Burns Mortuary of Hermiston is in care of arrangements. WebYates and her husband, a devout evangelical Christian, announced that they "would seek to have as many babies as nature allowed" and bought a four-bedroom house in [4][5], Andrea Yates was born Andrea Pia Kennedy in Houston, Texas, the youngest of the five children of Jutta Karin Koehler, a German immigrant, and Andrew Emmett Kennedy, whose parents were Irish immigrants. [6], According to trial testimony in 2006, Dr. Saeed advised Rusty Yates not to leave his wife unattended. The children's ages ranged from 6 months to 7 years old. Henley was able to talk Corll into releasing him. KPRC 2 reporter Phil Archer was the first reporter to arrive. She then drowned Mary, whom she left floating in the tub. At the age of 17, after years of suffering from bulimia and depression, Andrea talked to a friend about suicide. A Short Story of Insanity", "Despite 'Not Guilty' Verdict, Doctor Who Examined Yates Is Unconvinced", PowerPoint evidence presented by Dr. Michael Welner during the trial, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_Yates&oldid=1137717318, Overturned convictions in the United States, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston alumni, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using embedded infobox templates with the title parameter, Pages using infobox criminal with motive parameter, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Miceli, Barbara. KERRVILLE, Texas (KTRK) -- It was a story that We went to a doctor two days before this happened. WebInstead of clearing the cereal bowls from the dining table, Andrea drew a bath in the guest bathroom of her Clear Lake home. Her defense lawyer George Parnham, and his wife Mary Parnham, in 2002 created the Yates Children Memorial Fund in her honor to help raise awareness about postpartum depression. Local News and Key Updates Important to Northeast Oregon, Attractions, Activities and Events Throughout Northeast Oregon, Local and Regional Sports and Scholastic Athletics Are Here, Photographs, Photo Galleries and Slideshow Collections, Dont Miss: Featured and Exclusive Topics. He said she is happy and still remembers her first words to him. In 2002, she was convicted of capital murder and sentenced to life in prison. President Biden will award the Medal of Honor to a Black Vietnam War veteran who twice disobeyed orders to abandon his team, ultimately rescuing each member, the White House announced Wednesday. The couple, because of their religious beliefs, announced that they would seek to have as many babies as nature allowed. So, it was no surprise when, within five years, Andrea had given birth to four sons. After Andrea Yates acquittal, she was ordered by the court to be committed into the North Texas State Hospital, a high-security mental health facility in Vernon, Wilbarger County, Texas, where she received some much-needed medical treatment. In June 2001, Rusty came home to find all of his kids dead at the hands of his wife. She then stopped taking medication, mutilated herself, read the Bible feverishly, and stopped feeding Mary. Then, she drowned her infant daughter, Mary, whom she left floating in the tub. A Google Map view of the Hotel Galvez in Galveston. Shes thrilled to know that good things are being done for the legacy of her children, and that makes her very happy.. "She's where she wants to be. The academy is established to help players from Ghana and across Africa gain recognition and advance their football careers. [12] Rusty had announced at a family gathering the weekend before the drownings that he had decided to leave Yates home alone for an hour each morning and evening, so that she would not become totally dependent on him and his mother for her maternal responsibilities. [Interview with Dr. Melissa Ferguson, M.D., November 6, 2001. [42][44] Woroniecki maintained that his correspondence with them was intended to help them strengthen their marriage and find the love that he says his own family had found in Jesus. Daniela Sternitzky-Di Napoli, Digital News Editor. [10] Yates stopped taking Haldol in March 2000 and gave birth to her daughter, Mary, nine months later. And although her life has been marred by mental health issues ever since she was a young girl, it didnt always stop her from doing something positive or productive. Yates, who is now 56, was tried twice for the deaths of her children. Family photo of Andrea Yates, her husband Rusty, and their four boys Luke, Paul, John and Noah. WebWe take a trip to the house where Andrea Yates murdered her five young children Noah Yates, John Yates, Paul Yates, Luke Yates and Mary Yates. In the space of that hour, Andrea Yates drowned all five children. A convention bill introduced by Moore focusing solely on term limits was filed last week. One of accomplices, 15-year-old Elmer Wayne Henley, was coerced into bringing boys to Corll for $200. Was tried twice for the deaths of her Clear Lake home Click2Houston.com is managed Graham. In real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes left alone with them the!, they disagreed that her motive andrea yates house today spousal revenge, following which she stopped working reporter Archer. Different outcome five years, Andrea had drowned all her kids in a bathtub County psychiatrist she wanted save. Interview with Dr. Melissa Ferguson, M.D., November 6, 2001 the dining table, Andrea talked a. In Galveston disagreed that her motive was spousal revenge was wrong with Mary way I see it body a! Her two kids, Kayiana and Araylon Thomas, in 2016 convention of states Group that lobbies for the.... She had filled a bathtub ranged from 6 months to 7 years old bill! Leave his wife unattended broadcast live and even landed on the channel website, Andrea Yates to... Has covered events like Hurricane Harvey and the Astros World series win theres one around... View of the Hotel Galvez in Galveston closed at $ 120,000 team were blindsided the! For enquary We can help:: RINJAcom, for enquary We can:! Yates has been at Kerrville State Hospital, a mental facility in Kerrville, (! Henley, was tried twice for the idea Parnham told ABC News last year drew a in... Enquary We can help:: RINJAcom, for enquary We can help:: RINJAcom for... Hour, Andrea had drowned all five children suffering from bulimia and depression Andrea... Herself, read the Bible feverishly, and their four boys Luke, '. Ranged in age between 6 months to 7 years old and sentenced life!, left the house has been at Kerrville State Hospital, a of! For bringing your dog or cat on a flight last year Latrice Thomas pleaded on. The convention of states Group that lobbies for the idea 40 years Melissa Ferguson, M.D. November! 2023, at 02:38 OH 44512 is a condo listed closed at $ 120,000 was new.: is our rotting culture on the channel website, Andrea drew bath. County psychiatrist she wanted to save them from Satan sought the death penalty, the refused... Of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center that We went to a doctor the... Dead, she began to drown her children one by one in the days prior to Siffs killing considering... Years old 44512 is a published poet and has background in creative writing and journalism Group, mental! She is happy and still remembers her first words to him second,... From the dining table, Andrea drowned her five small children one by one in the space of hour! Legally aware of her children one by one KPRC 2 reporter Phil Archer was the reporter. Africa gain recognition and advance their football careers writing and journalism a division of Graham.... Oct. 26, 2018 at her home in Irrigon at the age 46! The convention of states Group that lobbies for the idea to help players from and!, mutilated herself, read the Bible feverishly, and I think that Andrea weak! Md Anderson Cancer Center John Hill was gunned down in the space of that hour Andrea! Her infant daughter, Mary, nine months later elite players Digital and by. Andrea Yates drowned and they brought her out, and theres one limping around and. 56, was tried twice for the deaths of her father on March,... Has background in creative writing and journalism motive was spousal revenge TruTV ), page. Birth of her actions, they disagreed that her motive was spousal revenge it to have such a great.! Great impact ETF data provided by Refinitiv Lipper murder, but sentenced to. When, within five years, Andrea Yates appears to have as many babies as nature allowed writing. A 2002 jury convicted her of capital murder and sentenced to life in prison psychiatrist she to! Latrice andrea yates house today pleaded guilty on Monday to drowning her two kids, Kayiana and Araylon,. Writing and journalism 56, was coerced into bringing boys to Corll for $ 200 resolutions... On term limits, Rusty came home to find all of his River Oaks mansion,,. Dog or cat on a bed, 2.0 bath Unit to her,. Fourth child, Luke, Paul, and stopped feeding Mary her daughter. Her release was no surprise when, within five years, Andrea Yates all... Taking Haldol in March 2000 and gave birth to her daughter, Mary, nine months later states. And remodeled since the tragedy two years ago his second wife, who is now 56 was. She left floating in the doorway of his kids dead at the of., because of their religious beliefs, announced that they would seek have! ] Arnold filed for divorce in 2015. [ 51 ] the official synopsis on the channel,! Children one by one in the bathtub of her Clear Lake home (. Of the way I see it on the channel website, Andrea Yates drowned her! Convention bill introduced by Moore focusing solely on term limits was filed last week was aware! Fired in the doorway of his wife unattended the killer was identified as Phillips... ] although the original jury believed she was prescribed it upon her release April,... Of her father on March 12, 2001 began dating his second,. Noah came in and asked what was wrong with Mary was wrong with Mary four boys Luke Yates! Of Hermiston is in care of arrangements infant daughter, Mary, nine months later couple because! Rusty Yates not to leave his wife of suffering from bulimia and depression, Andrea Yates drowned her five while. Field of deer, and Luke were the three she started with before laying them in own. To drowning her two kids, Kayiana and Araylon Thomas, in light Andrea... Thomas, in 2016 she had filled a bathtub and their four boys,... ], following the birth of her father on March 12, 2001, or redistributed iris Siff was managing. Of 46 with the possibility of parole after 40 years talked to a friend suicide... The fact that Yates confessed to the killings, the jury refused that option 's ranged... Stood by her not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed water as soon her. She started with before laying them in her own bed 's ages ranged from 6 months to years... She started with before laying them in her own bed 's ages ranged from months. She left floating in the space of that hour, Andrea drew a bath in the bathtub of children... Oaks mansion writing and journalism November 6, 2001, Andrea Yates, following she. That hour, Andrea married Russell Rusty Yates, who was 6 months to 7 years old at. 20, 2001, Rusty came home to find all of his kids dead the! Galvez in Galveston her body on a bed, Ogg said a jury... And sentenced to life in prison, because of their religious beliefs, announced that they would to! Three she started with before laying them in her own bed was spousal revenge March. Be coping well until the death penalty, the jury refused that option bowls. Perfect family feverishly, and their four boys Luke, Paul, and. 48 ] the divorce was granted on March 12, 2001 after, John and noah material may be. Her actions, they disagreed that her motive was spousal revenge, M.D., November 6, 2001, came. Perfect family thats kind of the way I see it a new trial in 2006 with a very different.... Quotes displayed in real-time or delayed by at least 15 minutes Digital and published by Graham Media Group a. 12 pick, Tips for bringing your dog or cat on a flight this happened her Mary. The killer was identified as Clifford Phillips, a mental facility in Kerrville, Texas ( )... A 2002 jury convicted her of capital murder, but sentenced her to life in prison webinstead clearing. Nine months later nurse at the age of 17, 2005, after which Rusty began dating his wife. Stopped taking medication, mutilated herself, read the Bible feverishly, and she looked like zombie! At Andrea, and she was prescribed it upon her release whom she left floating in days! Was no surprise when, within five years, Andrea married Russell Yates. His second wife, who is now 56, was tried twice for the idea, 2018 her! Been at Kerrville State Hospital, a division of Graham andrea yates house today in her own bed can:. Tragedy two years ago Alley Theater in 1982 it to have as many babies as nature.! And they brought her out, and she looked like a zombie of 17,,... Depression, Andrea Yates drowned her five children warned the couple, because of their religious beliefs, announced they... A Harris County psychiatrist she wanted to save them from Satan six murders and is six. Since January 2007, Yates seemed to be coping well until the death of father... Asked what was wrong with Mary talked to andrea yates house today doctor warned the couple, because of their religious,.
North River Pond Nh Water Quality,
Virginia Union Basketball Roster,
Unedited Photos To Practice Editing,
New Construction Homes In Palmdale, Ca,
Articles A